Теоретическая и прикладная экология1995-43012618-840610.25750/1995-4301-2026-1-199-208OtherЭктомикоризные симбионты и морфо-анатомическое строение корневых окончаний Pinus sylvestris L. на вырубках сосняка черничного средней тайги Республики КомиEctomycorrhizal symbionts and morpho-anatomical structure of Pinus sylvestris L. fine roots in clear-cuts of blueberry pine forests, middle taiga, the Komi RepublicСизоненкоТ. А.SizonenkoT. A.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8184-4018ШадринД. М.ShadrinD. M.https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4365-0145Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Syktyvkar, Russia)Институт биологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения Российской академии наук (Сыктывкар, Россия)250320261199208http://www.envjournal.ru/ari/v2026/v1/26121.pdf

Исследованы особенности микоризообразования сосны обыкновенной (Pinus sylvestris L.) на вырубках сосняка черничного средней тайги (вырубка 2008 г., вырубка 2015 г.). Получены данные по морфологии и анатомии эктомикориз, проведена молекулярная идентификация грибных симбионтов. Методом световой микроскопии обнаружено 10 подтипов грибных чехлов, встречаемость и богатство которых менялось в зависимости от возраста вырубки. Различия в количественных показателях эктомикоризных корней, как правило, были достоверны. В контрольном сосняке показатели, характеризующие состояние растительного компонента симбиоза (диаметр эктомикориз и собственно корня, проводящего цилиндра) были достоверно выше по сравнению с вырубкой 2008 г., а показатели, характеризующие грибной компонент (толщина и объёмная доля грибного чехла, плотность эктомикориз), наоборот, ниже. Для 42 из 70 отобранных образцов удалось выделить ДНК грибов, провести амплификацию и секвенирование ITS-региона. Из всех идентифицированных таксонов, достоверно относящихся к микоризообразователям, 15 видов из пяти семейств относятся к отделу Basidiomycota и один вид Cenococcum geophilum принадлежит отделу Ascomycota. Два вида – Tylospora fibrillosa и Cenococcum geophilum – встречались на всех исследованных участках. Наибольшим разнообразием грибов-микоризообразователей и подтипов грибных чехлов характеризовалась вырубка 2008 г. Наибольшей встречаемостью на всех участках характеризовались виды семейства Russulaceae.

We studied the features of mycorrhiza formation in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the 2008 and 2015 years clear-cuts of the blueberry pine forest of the middle taiga. The data on the morphology, anatomy of ectomycorrhizae, and molecular identification of fungal symbionts were obtained. Using light microscopy we detected 10 subtypes of fungal mantles, the occurrence and richness of which varied across community types and sampling years. Differences in quantitative parameters of the ectomycorrhizal roots were reliable in most cases. At the control site, the parameters characterizing the plant symbiotic component (ectomycorrhizae diameter, root diameter, and stele diameter) were significantly higher than at the nine years clear-cuts. At the same time, parameters of the fungal component (thickness and volume fraction of the fungal mantel, ectomycorrhizae density) were higher at the clear-cuts. For 42 of the 70 samples, we successfully performed fungal DNA isolation, amplification and ITS-region sequencing. Totally we identified 15 mycorrhizal fungi species from five families belonging to the Basidiomycota, and one species of Cenococcum geophilum belonged to the Ascomycota. Two species, Tylospora fibrillosa and Cenococcum geophilum, occurred at all study sites. A high occurrence was also found for Suillus variegatus, which forms tuberculated well-recognised pine ectomycorrhizae. The greatest diversity of mycorrhizal fungi isolated from pine roots and fungal mantel subtypes was found at the 2008 clear-cut. The species most frequently encountered in all study sites were those of the Russulaceae family. The blueberry pine forest and the 2008 clear-cut were the most similar in species composition.

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