Теоретическая и прикладная экология1995-43012618-840610.25750/1995-4301-2026-1-189-198OtherПараметры осенней миграционной остановки молодых зябликов (Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus, 1758) в восточной части Русской равниныParameters of autumn migratory stopover of young chaffinches (Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus, 1758) in the Eastern Russian PlainНакулГ. Л.NakulG. L.nakul@ib.komisc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9643-5663Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Syktyvkar, Russia)Институт биологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения Российской академии наук (Сыктывкар, Россия)250320261189198http://www.envjournal.ru/ari/v2026/v1/26120.pdf

За пятилетний период осуществлён отлов молодых зябликов с целью определения параметров их миграционной остановки (сроки и динамика пролёта, длительность миграционной остановки, линька в процессе миграции и скорость жиронакопления птиц во время миграционной остановки) в условиях таёжной зоны на востоке Русской равнины. Были проанализированы данные первичных отловов 416 птиц, из которых повторно было отловлено 20 особей. Средняя длительность миграционной остановки для молодых зябликов составила 1 день. В первые сутки птицы теряют около 5 % от среднего значения массы тела, но в последующие дни происходит восстановление потерь. Более длительные остановки значительно выгодней для молодых птиц, поскольку позволяют им увеличить запасы «топлива» и повысить шансы благополучно провести следующий миграционный бросок. Остаётся открытым вопрос, насколько оптимальны экологические условия миграционных остановок в речных долинах на востоке Русской равнины.

Over a five-year period, young chaffinches were captured to determine the parameters of their migratory stopover (timing and dynamics of flight, duration of migratory stopover, molting during migration, and the rate of birds’ fat accumulation during migratory stopover) in the taiga zone in the Eastern Russian Plain. The data from the 416 birds’ initial captures were analyzed, only 20 individuals of which were recaptured. The average migratory stopover for young chaffinches lasted 1 day. During the first day the birds lose about 5 % of their average body weight, but in the following days, the losses are restored. The behavioral strategy of young chaffinches at migratory stopovers in the Eastern Russian Plain coincides with the general behavioral strategy of many passerines, regardless of the continent and species. This species is characterized by a combination of post-juvenile molting and autumn migration, which reduces the rate of fat accumulation, but does not prevent an increase in body weight due to other types of tissue. The combination of two costly physiological processes occurs in conditions where the species does not need to make long migration and overcome extensive ecological barriers, and as a result, chaffinches make minimal migratory stopovers. Longer stopovers are much more beneficial for young birds, since they allow them to increase their “fuel” reserves and increase their chances of successfully completing the next migration.

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