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<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Теоретическая и прикладная экология</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">1995-4301</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2618-8406</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25750/1995-4301-2026-1-077-087</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Сравнительная характеристика разнообразия фауны водораздельных озёр центральной части Большеземельской тундры</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative study of the Bolshezemelskaya tundra central part watershed lakes fauna diversity</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пономарёв</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Ponomarev</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>ponomarev@ib.komisc.ru</email><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0863-736X</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лоскутова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Loskutova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9059-2745</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кононова</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kononova</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7320-4034</contrib-id></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратьева</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratjeva</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8800-9098</contrib-id></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Institute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Syktyvkar, Russia)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Институт биологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения Российской академии наук (Сыктывкар, Россия)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Department of Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring of the Republic of Tatarstan (Kazan, Russia)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Управление по гидрометеорологии и мониторингу окружающей среды Республики Татарстан (Казань, Россия)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-03-25"><day>25</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>1</issue><fpage>77</fpage><lpage>87</lpage><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.envjournal.ru/ari/v2026/v1/26108.pdf" xlink:title="http://www.envjournal.ru/ari/v2026/v1/26108.pdf">http://www.envjournal.ru/ari/v2026/v1/26108.pdf</self-uri><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="publication-c6625119-72cf-4a4c-a4d6-ee7fd149c433.pdf" xlink:title="PDF"/><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Выполнены исследования фауны ледниковых озёр центральной части Большеземельской тундры из бассейнов рек Море-Ю и Адзьва. В фауне водных беспозвоночных в бассейне р. Море-Ю установлен 61 таксон планктонных организмов и 28 групп зообентоса, на водосборе р. Адзьва – 51 таксон и 20 групп соответственно. Рыбное население насчитывает 15 видов, из них 10 – в бассейне р. Море-Ю, и все 15 видов – на водосборе р. Адзьва. Состав фаун зоопланктона и донных беспозвоночных на водоразделе рек Адзьва и Море-Ю имеет сходные черты. В бассейне р. Море-Ю отсутствуют бореальные равнинные виды рыб: язь, плотва и окунь. Выдвинуто предположение, что выявленное отсутствие в бассейне р. Море-Ю бореальных равнинных видов язя, плотвы и окуня обусловлено не столько климатическими условиями, сколько историей оледенений и наличием водораздельных барьеров между бассейнами р. Море-Ю и тундровых притоков р. Уса.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>Studies of the fauna of the watershed glacial lakes in the central part of the Bolshezemelskaya tundra have been carried out. A comparative analysis of the zooplankton, zoobenthos and fish diversity and structure from the More-Yu and the Adzva river basins is given. The More-Yu River flows directly into the Barents Sea, and the Adzva River is the Pechora River tributary of the second order. 78 taxa of planktonic organisms were identified, including 61 species, one subspecies, and 16 taxa designated to the rank above the species. The zoobenthos in the lakes of the More-Yu River basin includes 28 groups of invertebrates, and 20 groups in the watershed of the Adzva River. The composition of the fauna of zooplankton and benthic invertebrates has significant similarities in the watershed of the Adzva and More-Yu rivers, which is due to the common physical and geographical conditions. Compared to fish, invertebrates have certain strategic opportunities to overcome intracontinental geographical barriers. Fish are unable to spread across watersheds from one aquatic system to another, having fundamentally different mechanisms of fauna formation than invertebrates. The fish population of the studied watershed lakes includes 15 species, 10 of which are in the More-Yu River basin, and all 15 78 Теорeтическая и прикладная экология. 2026. № 1 / Theoretical and Applied Ecology. 2026. No. 1 species are in the Adzva River catchment area. There are no boreal lowland fish species in the More-Yu River basin, in particular Leuciscus idus, Rutilus rutilus, and Perca fluviatilis. It is suggested that the revealed absence of the above is not so much due to climatic conditions as to the history of glaciations and the presence of watershed barriers between the More-Yu River basin and the tundra tributaries of the Usa River.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>водная фауна</kwd><kwd>зоопланктон</kwd><kwd>зообентос</kwd><kwd>рыбное население</kwd><kwd>озёра</kwd><kwd>Большеземельская тундра</kwd><kwd>история оледенений</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>aquatic fauna</kwd><kwd>zooplankton</kwd><kwd>zoobenthos</kwd><kwd>fish population</kwd><kwd>lakes</kwd><kwd>Bolshezemelskaya tundra</kwd><kwd>the history of glaciations</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках темы государственного задания «Закономерности формирования, пространственно-структурной организации и динамики фауны и населения животных европейского северо-востока России и сопредельных арктических и бореальных территорий в изменяющихся условиях окружающей среды» (2025-2029 гг.) № 125013101229-9. \</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">1. 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