Section: Methodology and research methods. Models and forecasts
Natural bioactive compounds are considered promising agents for increasing lifespan and improving organismal resistance to environmental stressors; however, the mechanisms underlying their geroprotective effects remain insufficiently understood. In this study, we evaluated the biological activity of cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G), a natural anthocyanin isolated from honeysuckle berries, using Drosophila melanogaster as a model organism. The aim of the work was to determine the effects of C3G on lifespan, resistance to γ-irradiation and oxidative stress, as well as to assess possible molecular and antioxidant mechanisms of its action. Adult flies were maintained on a standard nutrient medium supplemented with C3G at concentrations of 1, 10, and 100 μmol/L. Lifespan parameters, survival after exposure to γ-irradiation, resistance to paraquat-induced oxidative stress, and the expression of stress-response gene were analyzed. In addition, the antioxidant activity of C3G was evaluated in vitro using biochemical test systems. Dietary supplementation with C3G at a concentration of 100 μmol/L increased the median lifespan of male flies by 9 % (p < 0.05). The compound also enhanced male resistance to γ-irradiation by up to 9 % (p < 0.001) and increased survival under oxidative stress conditions by up to 30 % (p < 0.01). Gene expression analysis revealed activation of antioxidant defense mechanisms, including increased expression of the transcription factor Nrf2 and the antioxidant enzyme prx5. In vitro assays confirmed that C3G inhibited lipid peroxidation, reduced reactive oxygen species formation, and protected oxyhemoglobin from oxidative damage. Thus, C3G exhibits sex-dependent geroprotective and stress–protective effects, which may be associated with both direct antioxidant activity and activation of endogenous stress-response pathways.
ISSN 1995-4301
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